across 41 advanced and emerging European economies. We demonstrate that gender board diversity has generally increased, yet … frameworks to demonstrate that few systematic factors are associated with greater gender diversity for both supervisory and …-level gender equality and cultural institutions exhibit differentiated correlations with the presence of women directors in …

on gender diversity on boards. We exploit rich, newly assembled board director matched panel data for Norway and Germany …, when a Norwegian board gender quota came into effect. We present two novel results that challenge previous thinking about … the effects of board gender quotas on women directors. First, we find a positive impact of employee representation before …

This paper studies economic effects of the gender composition of corporate boards, employing a new and unique …. Using multiple identification approaches, alternative measures of gender diversity, and several performance indicators, we … find some evidence that companies with gender-diverse boards have higher market values and better profitability. These …

In 2011, Italy introduced gender quotas for boards of directors of companies listed on its stock market. Comparing … the stock price reaction to the introduction of gender quotas. A positive effect of the quota law on stock market returns … emerges at the date of the board's election. Our results are consistent with gender quotas giving rise to a beneficial …

Over the last decade, several countries have followed the Norwegian example and introduced laws mandating gender quota … in gender quota that remain effective for three consecutive board renewals of listed limited liability firms. We link … Social Security registers. Exploiting the staggered introduction of the gender quota regulation and variation in board …

From business to politics and academia, the economic effects of the introduction of gender quotas are under scrutiny …. We provide new evidence based on the introduction of mandatory gender quotas for boards of directors of Italian companies … run event studies on the stock price reaction to both the announcement and the introduction of gender quotas. A positive …

In late 2003, Norway passed a law mandating 40 percent representation of each gender on the board of publicly limited … corporate sector and decrease gender disparity in earnings within that sector. We document that the newly (post …-reform) appointed female board members were observably more qualified than their female predecessors, and that the gender gap in …