We measure one aspect of how access to emergency care through ambulance services changes for patients when a hospital … period immediately after the hospital closes. We find urban patients in zip codes where a hospital closes have a small change … to transport a patient from the location of the incident to the hospital. The impact on rural Medicare-eligible patients …

emergency cases that do not all require hospital care. Many countries have responded by introducing alternative facilities that … area of a hospital reduces hospital outpatient procedures and admissions and that this is associated with improved hospital … cases going to hospital but rather from hospital resources being re-focused. In a significant departure from related …

for white mothers. At childbirth, heat-exposed mothers are more likely to have hypertension and have longer hospital stays …. For infants, fetal exposure to extreme heat leads to a higher likelihood of dehydration at birth and hospital readmission …

certification dates, we find that gaining access to an ostensibly integrated hospital had no effect on the Black-White infant …. These results are consistent with descriptions of the federal hospital desegregation campaign as producing only cosmetic …

from a mother's residence to the closest hospital. We find that giving birth in a hospital leads to substantial reductions …