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In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a fair-trade premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This paper...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010269504
the differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated …This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account features that have … suggest a new notion of equivalent income, the income level with which the individual would be as well off, evaluated using a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010319772
the differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated …This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account features that have … suggest a new notion of equivalent income, the income level with which the individual would be as well off, evaluated using a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013047840
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013359484
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013359641
cognitive outcomes in young adult life. Additionally, we find that both early life cognitive ability and health seem to have … cohort members according to their height, which we consider a proxy for health status – shorter individuals show a stronger …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011873554
. Further, the reduction of poverty is typically the expressed goal of such countries, and this feature is also taken into … account in our model. We derive the optimality conditions for linear income taxation, commodity taxation, and public provision … of private and public goods for the poverty minimization case, and compare the results to those derived under a general …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011418605
Rising income inequalities are widely debated in public and academic discourse. In this paper, we contribute to this … fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011931566
- better cushions the poverty effects of income shocks in a developing economy. We compare the effectiveness of the three … benefit schemes on poverty first conceptually and then by considering two different crisis scenarios, the COVID-19 pandemic … the proxy-means-tested benefits are the most effective in reducing the poverty gap index, a simple categorical benefit is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014477524
In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a "fair-trade" premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005015498