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In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a fair-trade premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This paper...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010269504
rising employment on relative income poverty. This method has serious limitations. We propose a more sophisticated simulation … impact on relative income poverty of moving towards the Europe 2020 target of 75 percent of the working aged population in …At the European level and in most EU member states, higher employment levels are seen as key to better poverty outcomes …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010282356
or exceed the EU's at-risk-of poverty threshold, set at 60 per cent of median equivalent household income in each country … poverty, covering 21 European countries with a national minimum wage and three US States (New Jersey, Nebraska and Texas). It … is shown that only for single persons and only in a number of countries, net income packages at minimum wage level reach …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010282582
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013359484
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013359641
including wealth are considerably lower than income‐based measures; (2) poverty rates of the elderly are more affected than … Belgium and Germany, two countries with similar living standards and income poverty rates, but very different levels and …Most poverty studies build on measures that take account of recurring incomes from sources such as labour or social …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011653119
cognitive outcomes in young adult life. Additionally, we find that both early life cognitive ability and health seem to have … cohort members according to their height, which we consider a proxy for health status – shorter individuals show a stronger …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011873554
In-work poverty became a prominent policy issue in the United States long before the term itself acquired any meaning … much in-work poverty is there in the United States? How does the US compare to other rich democracies? Has America's in …-work poverty rate changed over time? Who are the in-work poor? What are the main drivers of levels and changes in in-work poverty …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011653366
Rising income inequalities are widely debated in public and academic discourse. In this paper, we contribute to this … fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011931566
Basic income advocates see a universal income grant, no questions asked, as bringing many potential benefits, not in … the least as an ironclad protection against poverty, if set high enough. It is hard to know with any certainty what a … world with a sizeable basic income would look like but we can make theoretically and empirically informed guesses about its …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014533841