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Who starts a business and who is self-employed in Germany
Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander S.; Rusakova, Alina - 2012
entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic … increase in self-employment in Germany by 40 percent which can partly be attributed to the transformation process of East … Germany and to the shift to the service sector. We notice a yearly start-up rate of 1 percent among the working population …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010282293
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Self-employment: a way to end unemployment? Empirical evidence from German pseudo-panel data
Glocker, Daniela; Steiner, Viktor - 2007
basis of pseudo-panel data for Germany in the period 1996-2002. The estimation method accounts for cohort fixed effects and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010267794
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Start-ups by the unemployed: characteristics, survival and direct employment effects
Caliendo, Marco; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2007
,100 start-ups founded by unemployed persons in Germany. Individuals were subsidized under two different schemes, and we are able …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010268245
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Die reformierte Gründungsförderung für Arbeitslose: Chancen und Risiken
Caliendo, Marco; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2007
Support schemes for unemployed aiming for self-employment have been recently reformed several times. In 2003, the start-up subsidy" was added to the existing bridging allowance". In 2006 both instruments were merged to the Gründungszuschuss". Since the bridging allowance has been evaluated as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010268293
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Is entrepreneurial success predictable? An ex-ante analysis of the character-based approach
Caliendo, Marco; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2007
This paper empirically analyzes whether the character-based approach, which is based on the personality structure and the human capital of business founders, allows prediction of entrepreneurial success. A unique data set is used consisting of 414 previously unemployed persons whose personal...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010268415
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'I want to, but I also need to': start-ups resulting from opportunity and necessity
Caliendo, Marco; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2009
When unemployed persons go into business, they often are characterized as necessity entrepreneurs, because push factors, namely their unemployment, likely prompted their decision. In contrast to this, business founders who have been previously employed represent opportunity entrepreneurs because...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010269419
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Personality characteristics and the decision to become and stay self-employed
Caliendo, Marco; Fossen, Frank M.; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2011
into self-employment and survival of self-employed persons in Germany. The empirical analysis reveals that among the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010278676
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Funding self-employment: The role of consumer credit
Kneiding, Christoph; Kritikos, Alexander S. - 2011
This paper investigates whether self-employed households use consumer loans - in particular instalment loans and overdrafts - to finance business activities. Controlling for financial and non-financial household variables we show that self-employed households particularly use personal overdrafts...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010282216