While the literature has established that there is substantial and highly selective return migration, the growing … importance of repeat migration has been largely ignored. Using Markov chain analysis, this paper provides a modeling framework …. The out-migration per year is low, about 10%. Migrants are more likely to leave again early after their arrival in Germany …

The economic literature has largely overlooked the importance of repeat migration. This paper studies repeat or … circular migration as it is manifested by the frequency of exits of migrants living in Germany, and by the number of years … the middle ages), and the newcomers and the more seasoned are significantly more likely to engage in circular migration …

-country migration policies across Europe and (ii) that the European Union needs to become an active player on the international labour …

. This essay provides a broad and in-depth account of the effects of the post-enlargement migration flows on the receiving as … analysis of the available literature and empirical evidence shows that (i) EU enlargement had a significant impact on migration … hard to detect, (iv) post-enlargement migration contributes to growth prospects of the EU, (v) these immigrants are …

The Eastern enlargement of the EU was an institutional impetus to the migration potential in Europe. While the overall … the ongoing economic crisis may change the momentum of several migration trajectories, free migration should in fact …

to mobility is in promoting the integration of international workers in the European migration process, which can be … strengthened through circular migration. The European blue card initiative and the opening of labor markets to foreign graduates …

in Germany. Our data include a large number of migration variables, allowing us to adapt a recently developed concept of …