We examine the relationship between the employment and compensation of managers and CEOs and the presence of a … monitoring, which requires more managers. The model also assumes rent sharing between workers, managers and the owners of the … firm. Unions, by redistributing rents towards the workers, lead to lower employment and lower pay for managers. Using a …

able managers raise labour productivity by 17% compared to less able. We show that the managers' incentive scheme is … implicitly an insurance one, with managers taking a share in deviations of actual sales from expected. At the same time, abler … managers do not receive higher pay all else equal, which implies that middle management ability is not fully tradable. …

increase in the share of female top managers is associated with subsequent increases in the share of women in mid …