reform failures the consequence of leviathan states that hinder private economic activity, or of weak states unable to … privatization in postcommunist Russia. Taking advantage of large regional variation in the size of public administrations, and … employing a multilevel research design that controls for pre-privatization selection in the estimation of regional privatization …

In all the MENA countries considered in this study, namely Jordan, Egypt and Tunisia, there has been a significant … periods of up to 20 years (for Egypt), we examine the evolution of the glass ceiling problem for women resorting to the …

reversals in different reforms are driven by different factors. This paper uses new reform indicators and presents novel … evidence showing that (a) FDI inflows reduce the likelihood of privatization reversals, (b) worsened terms of trade increase …

' access to electricity in Lebanon. Using quantitative and qualitative methods we find that political connections significantly … imposes a 'tax' on entrepreneurship by channelling entrepreneurial talent into lobbying and bribery; by reinforcing male and …

' access to electricity in Lebanon. Using quantitative and qualitative methods we find that political connections significantly … imposes a 'tax' on entrepreneurship by channelling entrepreneurial talent into lobbying and bribery; by reinforcing male and …

Jordan and Morocco amid the pandemic. Relying on the probit regressions, the empirical findings suggest that businesses that … limited availability of technologies in Jordan and Morocco for teleworking. Further, firms that expected future government …

colleagues. We estimate the rate of knowledge diffusion inside the firm using two matched worker-firm data sets from Morocco and … diffusion is around 7 percent in Morocco and Senegal, but part of the learning-by-watching returns stems from firm heterogeneity … Morocco. …

equations are estimated using data (1971?96) for importable and exportable sectors in Tunisia. Causality tests show that … of labour increased dramatically in Tunisia as women entered the labour market. This allowed importable employment to be …

This paper analyzes the dynamics of the youth labor market in Tunisia using unique labor force survey data from 2005 to …