most apprentices offset the cost of their training during their apprenticeship on the basis of the productive contribution … of the work they perform. Given this outcome, it is worth investigating why so many firms choose not to train apprentices … training regulations and the market situation permit a cost effective training of apprentices, companies do not need specific …

In this paper, we investigate the effects of works councils on apprenticeship training in Germany. The German law …

net costs of training apprentices are substantial in Germany, whereas apprenticeship training is on average profitable … as wages, apprenticeship system-related factors and allocation of tasks to apprentices on the cost-benefit ratio using … between the two countries can be explained by a higher share of productive tasks allocated to apprentices in Switzerland and …

at the first threshold of the law reacts differently on demand shocks than establishments below or above the threshold. …

Multinational labor demand responds to wage differentials at the extensive margin, when a multinational enterprise (MNE …

Based on a wage curve approach we examine the labor market effects of migration in Germany. The wage curve relies on …

-economic household panel, which enumerates casual domestic employment, is used to estimate the demand for such household work. The … the demand for household work in the shadow economy is very income elastic. This suggests that targeted wage subsidies …, linked to household work agencies, would be very effective in raising the legal demand for domestic help. A wage subsidy of …

Germany. We take as a starting point a very detailed administrative matched employer-employee dataset to estimate labor demand … inequality. We focus on two alternative scenarios of the labor demand adjustment process, one based on reductions in hours … severe when labor demand reacts along the intensive margin. …

In Germany, the employment response to the post-2007 crisis has been muted compared to other industrialized countries …' labor demand during the crisis using a firm-level panel dataset. Our analysis proceeds in two steps. First, we estimate a … dynamic labor demand function for the years 2000-2009 accounting for the degree of working time flexibility and the presence …

downturns, is relatively scarce. The bottom line of this literature is that ratio of apprentices to employees tends to be … least in England). When broader measures of training are considered, which exclude apprentices, the weight of the evidence …