We study the effect of divisions within the elite on the probability of internal conflict in the Papal States between … the time of the election. We exploit this variation to analyze the causal effect of a divided conclave on conflict. We … find that an increase of one standard deviation in our measure of polarization raised the likelihood of internal conflict …

Previous studies have documented a positive association between election fraud and the intensity of civil conflict. It …-election casualties, which is consistent with the hypothesis that election fraud causes conflict. We conduct several robustness tests and …

We introduce three variations of the Hirshleifer-Skaperdas conflict game to study experimentally the effects of post-conflict … altogether, often after substantial initial conflict. To attain peace, players must first engage in costly signaling by making …

We introduce three variations of the Hirshleifer-Skaperdas conflict game to study experimentally the effects of post-conflict … altogether, often after substantial initial conflict. To attain peace, players must first engage in costly signaling by making …

Previous studies have documented a positive association between election fraud and the intensity of civil conflict. It …-election casualties, which is consistent with the hypothesis that election fraud causes conflict. We conduct several robustness tests and …

, and across time, how individuals, households and communities are affected by violent conflict. The report provides an … data-bases used to operationalize the variables of interest and discuss the channels linking violent conflict to individual … variables that allow researchers to analyze the welfare effects of violent conflict across countries and across time. We develop …

fragmentation and conflict on international trafficking through internal and international displacements. …