When do opposition groups decide to mount a terrorism campaign and when do they enter an open civil conflict against … the ruling government? This paper models an opposition group's choice between peace, terrorism, and open conflict …. Terrorism emerges if executive constraints are intermediate and rents are sizeable. Open conflict is predicted to emerge under …

This paper investigates the relationship between state-based conflict and entrepreneurship. From a survey of the … existing literature, we formulate two hypotheses: (1) state-based conflict has a negative association with productive and … entrepreneurship. We test these hypotheses by drawing on several state-based conflict and entrepreneurship measures, using appropriate …

This paper provides evidence of the long-run effects of a permanent increase in agricultural productivity on conflict … permanently reduced conflict for roughly two centuries. The results are driven by a reduction in civil conflicts. …

In their survey of the literature on ethnic fractionalization and economic performance, Alesina and La Ferrara (JEL … ethnic fractionalization on economic growth across countries using unique time-varying measures. We first replicate the … measures, econometric estimators, as well as to the use of an index of ethnic-religious-linguistic fractionalization. …

In their survey of the literature on ethnic fractionalization and economic performance, Alesina and La Ferrara (JEL … ethnic fractionalization on economic growth across countries using unique time-varying measures. We first replicate the … measures, econometric estimators, as well as to the use of an index of ethnic-religious-linguistic fractionalization. …

chances of conflict incidence and onset - a result that is independent of religious fractionalization, polarization, and …Model uncertainty remains a persistent concern when exploring the drivers of civil conflict and civil war. Considering …-sectional and panel data, three robust results emerge. First, past conflict constitutes the most powerful predictor of current …

, appear especially likely to be exploited by the parties to a civil conflict. Even legally traded commodities such as oil and … Colombian civil conflict is fueled by the financial opportunities that coca provides, and that the consequent rent …

effect of democratization is weaker than reported previously once one accounts for the incidence of conflict, while the … incidence of conflict itself significantly reduces growth. The results show in turn that permanent democratic transitions … significantly reduce the incidence and onset of conflict, which suggests that part of the positive growth effect of democratization …

effect of democratization is weaker than reported previously once one accounts for the incidence of conflict, while the … incidence of conflict itself significantly reduces growth. The results show in turn that permanent democratic transitions … significantly reduce the incidence and onset of conflict, which suggests that part of the positive growth effect of democratization …

We explore the effect of historical ethnic borders on contemporary conflict in Africa. We document that both the … intensive and extensive margins of contemporary conflict are higher close to historical ethnic borders. Exploiting variations … find that regions crossed by historical ethnic borders have 27 percentage points higher probability of conflict and 7 …