income, which identifies business income as it is earned by companies rather than when it is paid out as dividends to owners …

Many studies show that motherhood has substantial impacts on women's wages and earnings, but there is less evidence on … first birth affects mothers' midlife earnings, as well as the role of potential mediators. In the framework of instrumental … any earnings in midlife. However, a later first birth has a negative earnings effect among mothers with any midlife …

market outcomes. We focus on the impact on earnings and labor market participation both in the short- and in the long … heterogeneity, we find that the negative effect of nonemployment on earnings is especially persistent, being sizeable and …

This paper studies the cyclical behaviour of earnings risk and career changes. We document that the procyclical … skewness of the earnings growth distribution arises mostly from the earnings changes of employer and occupation switchers. To … uncover their relative importance in driving cyclical earnings changes and whether this arises from changes in the returns to …