compared with the western region. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and information and communication technology (ICT) investment …

trend (purely external non-economic) as well as other exogenous (external economic) factors (technology shifters). We define … technology index based on the external economic factors which are indicators of 'technology'. Thus our definition of production … function is amended to accommodate several technology shifters which are not separable from the traditional inputs. That is …

call technology shifters (economic factors). We use several composite technology indices based on appropriate combinations … of the external economic factors which are indicators of different aspects of technology. These technology indices are … specific external economic factors. Furthermore, the technology shifters allow for non-neutral and biased shifts in TC. We also …

where it does not properly measure technology) and makes it possible to calculate the contributions of disaggregated units …-level (EU-KLEMS) and firm-level (Amadeus) data. After adding further assumptions about technology and market structure (firms …

planner is interested in the average technology whereas the private researcher is interested in the leading edge technology …

influence the demand for outsourcing. We show that outsourcing becomes more beneficial to the firm when technology is changing … rapidly. As the pace of innovations in production technology increases, the firm has less time to amortize the sunk costs …

suppliers, who can afford to use the latest technology, becomes relatively cheaper. The predictions of the model are tested …