This study considers the effects of the kingpin strategy, an approach to fighting organized crime in which law …-enforcement efforts focus on capturing the leaders of the criminal organization, on community violence in the context of Mexico's drug war … that are accompanied by escalations in violence. …

changes in troop levels on violent crime in El Paso County, where Fort Carson is located. Our results suggest that never …-deployed units contributed to community violence in the form of assaults, murders, and robberies. In contrast, estimates of the … relationship between the number of previously deployed units and violent crime are generally small and statistically insignificant …

service on crime. Using exact dates of birth for inmates in state and federal prisons in 1979, 1986, and 1991, we find robust … veteran status, these estimates imply that military service increases the probability of incarceration for a violent crime by …

changes in troop levels on violent crime in El Paso County, where Fort Carson is located. Our results suggest that never …-deployed units contributed to community violence in the form of assaults, murders, and robberies. In contrast, estimates of the … relationship between the number of previously deployed units and violent crime are generally small and statistically insignificant …

service on crime. Using exact dates of birth for inmates in state and federal prisons in 1979, 1986, and 1991, we find robust … veteran status, these estimates imply that military service increases the probability of incarceration for a violent crime by …

Empirical evidence reveals that unemployment tends to increase property crime but that it has no effect on violent … crime. To explain these facts, we examine a model of criminal gangs and suggest that there is a substitution effect between … property crime and violent crime at work. In the model, non-monetary valuation of gang membership is private knowledge. Thus …