Enacted March 27, 2020, the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) was the most ambitious and creative fiscal policy … response to the Pandemic Recession in the United States. PPP offers forgivable loans — essentially grants — to businesses with … 500 or fewer employees that meet certain requirements. In this paper, we present evidence that PPP has substantially …

This paper explores the relationship between openness to trade, immigration, and income per person across countries. To … predictors of openness to immigration and to trade for each country by using information on bilateral geographical and cultural … to immigration on long-run income per capita. In contrast, we are unable to establish an effect of trade openness on …

negatively by trade, while the Gini statistic is fueled by the falling labour share and increasing financial payments. Using …

In new new international trade theory, whether firms export or not are determined by their productivity. These models …

This paper explores the geographic overlap of trade and technology shocks across local labor markets in the United … clerical occupations, is largely uncorrelated with regional exposure to trade competition from China. While the impacts of … technology are present throughout the United States, the impacts of trade tend to be more geographically concentrated, owing in …

misalignments. Intra-regional trade - both with North Africa and the rest of the continent - together with greater orientation to …

played by trade and FDI in determining employment. The empirical results obtained lend support to globalization having a …

entrants and returnees from non-employment. We then investigate if rising trade with China and Eastern Europe causally affected …

imports had spill-overs beyond these sectors. Finally, the effects of trade-induced demand shocks dissipate after about two …