We analyze Engel curves for nuclear households in rural China. The sample includes more than 5000 nuclear families … subcategories such as cereals, or meat and fish, and other consumption categories such as alcohol and tobacco, medical, and … ?consumption expenditure patterns. We find some differences in consumption patterns which relate to differences in gender of …

One of the most notable social phenomena in China is the large urban-rural disparity. There are many studies of it, but … most of them focus on income or earnings inequality. In this paper, we investigate the consumption disparity between urban … and rural households in China from 1988 to 2002. Our results suggest that low quantiles are associated with large …

China. We find that increased migration from rural villages leads to significant increases in consumption per capita, and …In this paper, we examine the impact of reductions in barriers to migration on the consumption of households in rural … that this effect is stronger for poorer households within villages. Household income per capita and non-durable consumption …

One of the most notable social phenomena in China is the large urban-rural disparity. There are many studies of it, but … most of them focus on income or earnings inequality. In this paper, we investigate the consumption disparity between urban … and rural households in China from 1988 to 2002. Our results suggest that low quantiles are associated with large …

We analyze Engel curves for nuclear households in rural China. The sample includes more than 5000 nuclear families … subcategories such as cereals, or meat and fish, and other consumption categories such as alcohol and tobacco, medical, and … ’consumption expenditure patterns. We find some differences in consumption patterns which relate to differences in gender of …

The paper investigates the demographic alternatives for dealing with the projected population aging and low or negative … growth of the population and labor force in the North. Without further immigration, the total labor force in Europe and … Russia, the high-income countries of East Asia and the Pacific, China, and, to a lesser extent, North America is projected to …