We examine the effects of trade liberalization on child work in Indonesia. Our estimation strategy identifies …

quality (in the form of health outcomes) and the number of children in the family at a time when genuine poverty still existed …

poverty among the elderly. The model focuses on individual preferences, a consumption technology that captures the economies … scale and a wife's share that is increasing in total expenditures. We further calculated poverty rates by means of the … collective consumption model. Collective poverty rates of widows and widowers turn out to be slightly lower than traditional ones …

poverty, covering 21 European countries with a national minimum wage and three US States (New Jersey, Nebraska and Texas). It … or exceed the EU's at-risk-of poverty threshold, set at 60 per cent of median equivalent household income in each country … what minimum wage policies alone can achieve in the fight against in-work poverty. The route of raising minimum wages to …

countries particularly susceptible to economic hardship. We examine the role of remittances in either alleviating or increasing … causality and endogeneity and find that while income smoothing does not appear to be the main motive for sending remittances in … a non-negligible share of households, remittances do indeed smooth household income on average. Other variables …

Using a recent Spanish database, we show that remittances respond to cross country differences in portfolio values … over time with the length of the migration spell, suggesting that remittances sent for portfolio motives become more likely …

, where we observe lower agricultural activity and investment. At the same time, remittances received and welfare of rural … reduction in the transaction costs of remittances. We follow the introduction of mobile money for the first time in rural …