This paper exploits dictated delays in local police hiring by a centralized national authority to break the … simultaneity between police and crime. In Italy police officers can only be hired through lengthy national public contests which … requested police officers are recruited and become operational. We show that this endogeneity vanishes once, controlling for …

In this paper we study the causal impact of police on crime by looking at what happened to crime before and after the … terror attacks that hit central London in July 2005. The attacks resulted in a large redeployment of police officers to … central London boroughs as compared to outer London - in fact, police deployment in central London increased by over 30 …

police reported accidents in a generalized difference-in-differences approach, we find that SLMO reduce traffic accidents and …

known about the effects of private police on crime. The current study examines the relationship between a privately …-funded university police force and crime in a large U.S. city. Following an expansion of the jurisdictional boundary of the private … police force, we see no short-term change in crime. However, using a geographic regression discontinuity approach, we find …

. Higher amounts of the desired fines become associated with a higher probability of considering the government's policy …