empirical evidence shows that bad but dedicated politicians come along with good but not fully committed politicians. There is … committed to the parliamentary activity in many respects, like voting attendance and bills sponsorship. …

politicians' rents than proportional representation. We test these predictions using micro data for the mixed-member Italian House …

-ideological voters, who care about national and local policies, strongly prefer experts. We show that parties compete on good politicians … prediction. We find that politicians with higher ex-ante quality - as measured by years of schooling, previous market income, and …, the characteristics of politicians belonging to opposite parties converge to high-quality levels in close races …

This paper analyzes simultaneous voting on the wage tax rate and investment in public education with three overlapping … benefits. The presence of productivity differences introduces a time-consistency problem with repeated voting. This can be …

-wing. Parents, politicians and voters are probably not aware of this phenomenon - nor are social scientists. The paper discusses its …

receive utility from the act of voting. However, this leaves open the question of whether or not there is a significant margin … consideration of the likelihood that they will be pivotal. Among the remainder, the probability of voting is related to variables …

survey data on vote-buying with an experiment-based measure of reciprocity, we show that politicians target reciprocal …While vote-buying is common, little is known about how politicians determine who to target. We argue that vote …