This paper examines the possibility of unit roots in the presence of endogenously determined multiple structural breaks … procedure of Gil-Alana (2008) for single structural break to the case of multiple structural breaks at endogenously determined … fractional order of integration. We find that endogenously determined structural breaks render the total, female and male LFPR …

This paper shows that the structural breaks are an important characteristic of the monthly labor force participation … breaks in the empirical specifications of fractionally integrated ARMA model. The findings indicate that contrary to the …

With the recent release of the 2011 purchasing power parity (PPP) data from the International Comparison Program (ICP …), analysts and institutions are confronted with the question of whether and how to use them for global poverty estimation. The … previous round of PPP data from 2005 led to a large increase in the estimated number of poor in the world. The 2011 price data …

The 2014 release of a new set of purchasing power parity conversion factors (PPPs) for 2011 has prompted a revision of … Sustainable Development Goals and the World Bank's twin goals, the new poverty line was chosen so as to preserve the definition … and real purchasing power of the earlier $1.25 line (in 2005 PPPs) in poor countries. Using the new 2011 PPPs, the new …

This paper tests two hypotheses from the theory of elimination tournaments: (i) that uneven tournaments, where the … contestants are ex ante heterogeneous, entail lower effort exertion; this is a prediction from agency theory that has not been … underlies any agency theory about elimination tournaments, and has been empirically tested in other contexts. The evidence …

thereby fosters economic growth. We apply a structural estimation approach to fully track the endogenous mechanisms of the …