We revisit the link between poverty, the middle class and institutional outcomes using a newly developed cross … than those of lower poverty, lower inequality, or higher GDP per capita. …

role. We also find four types of poverty traps, associated with large initial household size, poor initial education, poor …

persistence of transitory shocks and their implications for the persistence of poverty and income inequality. The results suggest … poor individuals stayed in poverty for two years on average. In East Germany, the contribution of the permanent component … to overall income inequality increased from 20 percent in 1990 to over 70 percent in 1998 and the persistence of poverty …

This paper investigates the development of poverty in Sweden using micro data derived from tax files for the city of … Göteborg for the years 1925, 1936, 1947, 1958 as well as more recent (1983, 1994 and 2003) information. We define poverty as … living in a household with a disposable income lower than a poverty line that represents a constant purchasing power all …

traditional notion of income mobility as well as for mobility around extreme and moderate poverty lines. The estimates suggest … determinants of changes in poverty incidence within cohorts revealed statistically significant roles for age, gender and education … poverty. …

counterfactual simulations. We start by decomposing changes in inequality/poverty indices into three contributions: reforms of the …