We examine the effects of trade liberalization on child work in Indonesia. Our estimation strategy identifies …

The labor market is the main channel through which economic growth affects poverty. This paper is the first empirical … economic turmoil in 1992-1995. Despite the catastrophic fall in GDP employment contracted only marginally. This flexibility has … been achieved mainly through the informalization of employment, and through the reallocation of labor towards small …

employment creation nor the decrease in within-country inequality are automatically assured by increasing trade and FDI. The … other main findings of the paper are that: 1) the employment effect can be very diverse in different areas of the world … and absolute poverty alleviation, although some important counter-examples emerge. …

, there is little reliable evidence on how the inclusion of such non-cash income actually affects poverty and inequality … and poverty rates by almost one-third. However, adjusting for differences in needs for public services across population … subgroups offsets about half the inequality reduction and some of the poverty decrease. …

inequality or stagnating poverty in Costa Rica. …

Despite increasing average real family incomes in Costa Rica in the late 1990s and early 2000s, poverty rates did not … fall. In this paper, we argue that during this period economic growth in Costa Rica did not translate into reduced poverty …-employed workers. These labor market phenomena, in turn, contributed to low incomes for households vulnerable to poverty, especially …

laws reduce employment among the least-skilled workers they are intended to help. But they also increase wages for many of … in urban poverty. …