This study is the first to provide a systematic measure of bribery using micro-level data on reported earnings …-reported compensation in the public sector. Using the conditions of labor market equilibrium, we develop an aggregate measure of bribery and … find that the lower bound estimate of the extent of bribery in Ukraine is between 460 mln and 580 mln U.S. dollars (0 …

This study is the first to provide a systematic measure of bribery using micro-level data on reported earnings … compensation in the public sector. Using the conditions of labor market equilibrium, we develop an aggregate measure of bribery and … find that the lower bound estimate of the extent of bribery in Ukraine is between 460 mln and 580 mln U.S. dollars (0 …

are desperate, vulnerable, or demanding services particularly prone to corruption. The effect is strongest for bribery of … likely than non-victims to bribe public officials. Misfortune increases victims’ demand for public services, raising bribery … the police, where the increase in bribery comes principally through increased use of the police. For the judiciary the …

: doubling household consumption increases the bribery probability by 0.2-0.4 percentage points in Peru, compared to a bribery … rate of 0.8%; doubling household expenditure in Uganda increases the bribery probability by 1.2 percentage points compared … to a bribery rate of 17%. The income elasticity of the bribe amount cannot be precisely estimated in Peru, but is about 0 …

bribe, which reduces corruption. Appropriate networks are more easily established in small towns, by long-term residents of … the prevalence of bribery is lower under these circumstances, using the International Crime Victim Surveys. I also find … battle against corruption faced by policy-makers in rapidly urbanizing countries with high fertility. I show that victims of …

correlates with perceptions of corruption. We find judicial independence to be of major relevance for a tamed bureaucracy. …

We address the impact of corruption in a developing economy in the context of an empirically relevant hold-up problem …

, business regulations, corruption, and to a lesser extent, infrastructure bottlenecks in explaining patterns of job creation at … growth of all firms, particularly micro and small firms. On the other hand, corruption and poor access to infrastructure …