document the first empirical results on the relationship between imports and productivity for Germany, a leading actor on the … world market for goods. Furthermore, for the first time the direction of causality in this relationship is investigated … systematically by testing for self-selection of more productive firms into importing, and for productivity-enhancing effects of …

evidence on the link of productivity and both exports and foreign direct investment (fdi) in services firms from a highly … developed country. It uses unique new data from Germany - one of the leading actors on the world market for services - that … taking differences along the conditional productivity distribution and firms with extreme values, or outliers, into account …

estimates of the productivity premium of German firms exporting to the Euro-zone and beyond, controlling for unobserved time … observations, or outliers. The paper shows that estimates of the exporter productivity premium by destination are driven by a small … share of outliers. Using a clean sample without outliers the estimated productivity premium of firms that export to the Euro …

and productivity hold in the years before the export start, which indicates self-selection into exporting of more …

transaction costs, and the productivity shifts arising from migrationinduced knowledge diffusion and increased workforce diversity …

-setting power) and (iii) revenue productivity. We apply this framework to analyze whether the pricing behavior of firms in product …