In this paper we study the effect of urban density on the exposure of city dwellers to air pollution using data from … the United States urban system. Exploiting geological features to instrument for density, we find an economically and … statistically significant pollution-density elasticity of 0.13. We also assess the health implications of these estimates and find …

This paper estimates the link between population density and COVID-19 spread and severity in the contiguous United … and historical populations to induce exogenous variation in population density without affecting COVID-19 related deaths … directly. We find that density has affected the timing of the outbreak in each county, with denser locations more likely to …

size. Industry mix and employment density also matter. The pandemic significantly altered urban economic activity. …

This paper measures how much households dislike density in their immediate surroundings. Using transaction and … certain land lots, we find that households do indeed discount density: a 10% increase in within-development density decreases … total revenue suggests that developers may underestimate the externality caused by density. Our results are particularly …

density on productivity but we also consider many other local determinants supported by theory. Empirical issues are then …

density on productivity but we also consider many other local determinants supported by theory. Empirical issues are then …

.S. industrial sector. Following its peak in the 1950s, union density in the U.S. private sector fell steadily, to only 7.4 percent …