Federal research funding to universities is often based on a desire to stimulate innovation – so that they spend … innovation and productivity growth. In this paper we use new data to examine how the main organizational structure used to train …

To examine the drivers of innovation, this paper studies the global R&D effort to fight the deadliest diseases and … innovation can be very large, as demonstrated by aggregate flow of clinical trials increasing by 38% in 2020, with limited … economists are naturally in favor of market size as a driving force for innovation (i.e."if the market size is sufficiently large …

the U.S. Air Force Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program that transitioned from "Conventional topics," which … innovation even in less specific Conventional topics. The results suggest that government (and perhaps private sector) innovation …

Current literature on the impact assessment of government innovation subsidies is mainly empirical driven and lacks an … improve the effectiveness of government support for innovation. …