over wage negotiations and working conditions. Currently, Austria's GDP per capita is high, but unemployment, although …Austria is an interesting economy due to its strong industrial relations with institutionalized collective bargaining …

) aided the adjustment. The Covid-19 downturn resulted in an unprecedented decline in employment, and a steep rise in … unemployment and non-participation. Despite the severity of the Covid-19 shock, by December 2021 most key measures of labor market …

employment levels during recessions. However, they can create inefficiency in the labor market, and might limit labor market …

Measuring employment and unemployment is essential for economic policy. Internationally agreed measures (e.g. headcount … employment and unemployment rates based on standard definitions) enhance comparability across time and space, but changes in real …

employment levels during recessions. However, they can create inefficiency in the labor market, and might limit labor market …

employment levels during recessions. However, they can create inefficiency in the labor market, and might limit labor market …

The economic crisis in the early 1990s brought about a dramatic increase in unemployment and a similar decrease in … labor force participation. Unemployment declined afterwards, but stabilized at around 6–7%—more than twice as high as before … the crisis. Today, the unemployment rate is lower than the EU average, though Sweden no longer stands out in this respect …

financial crisis (GFC) employment took four years to recover, while unemployment took more than a decade to return to pre …-crisis levels. M¯aori, Pasifika, and young workers were worst affected. The Covid-19 pandemic saw employment decline and … unemployment rise but this was reversed within a few quarters. However, the long-term impact of the pandemic remains uncertain. …

In the early 2000s, Poland's unemployment rate reached 20%. That is now a distant memory, as employment has increased … noticeably and the unemployment rate had dropped to 3.4% in 2021. The labor force participation of older workers increased … underemployed. During the Covid-19 pandemic the slowdown in economic growth and increase in unemployment were small. …

Persistent unemployment after recessions and the policies required to bring it down are the subject of an ongoing … unemployment, requiring the implementation of structural policy reforms. The alternative view is that the slow recovery of the … economy is due to cyclic reasons coming from lack of demand which prevents unemployment from falling quickly. Knowing whether …