labor mobility within and between EU countries, in combination with a selective immigration policy based on labor market …

We assess the differences in downward nominal and real wage rigidity between natives and immigrants in Portugal, using … would receive a wage cut in the absence of rigidity. We found that the differences between natives and immigrants are not … substantial, but immigrants are more prone to institutional-related rigidities. …

also use the 1991 distribution of immigrants by nationality across European labor markets to construct a version of the … enclave-based instrument to proxy for the flow of immigrants, that is exogenous to local demand shocks. We find that native … Europeans are more likely to upgrade to more skilled and better paid occupations, when a larger number of immigrants enter their …

There are considerable differences in gender unemployment gaps across the EU. We use labor force survey data on 21 … countries to perform a series of data decompositions and show that the cross-country variation in gender unemployment gaps is … permanently withdraw from the labor force after childbirth, the size of gender differences in unemployment strongly correlates …

correct for selective incidence of non-employment, we instrument early non-employment by the provincial unemployment rate at … graduation by 10% and annual hours worked by 7% (unconditional effects). Thus, any policy that prevents unemployment in the first …

A historically high level of youth unemployment presents Greece with a huge social and economic challenge. This paper …