reduce employment among the least-skilled workers they are intended to help. But they also increase wages for many of them …

A central issue in estimating the employment effects of minimum wages is the appropriate comparison group for states … correlated with minimum wage increases. They argue that using "local controls" establishes that higher minimum wages do not … reduce employment of less-skilled workers. In Neumark et al. (Ind Labor Relat Rev 67:608-648, 2014), we present evidence that …

, high long-term unemployment, stagnant or declining wages for low-to-medium skill jobs owing to adverse labor demand shifts … continuing or renewed interest are hiring credits, higher (sometimes much higher) minimum wages, and a more substantial earned …