public sector units in 1991. Since then, per capita output has increased significantly, while the overall unemployment rate … unemployment remains stubbornly high, an overwhelming proportion of the labor force continues to work in the informal sector, and …

Using firm-level data for Georgia, the paper estimates the quasi-elasticity of employment and wages with respect to the … employment levels and average wages by gender and consider whether export destination or the competiveness of economies matters … improves female employment but reduces overall average wages and female wages. Increasing exports to the European Union as well …

to household well-being, prices, employment, and wages. All studies can be classified as ex post quasi … nonsignificant, and 6 to 20 percent show a decrease in household well-being. The analyses on employment and wages show positive and … significant results for 22 to 25 percent of the results. Negative results on employment and wages relate to young and informal …

labor force participation rate, reversing a nearly 50-year trend; the full recovery of unemployment from the depths of the …

and unemployment showed little sensitivity. Workers have paid the price for this rather stable employment situation in the … underwent substantial structural changes. Major shocks were absorbed largely via wage adjustments, while aggregate employment …

labor force participation rate, reversing a nearly 50-year trend; the nearly full recovery of unemployment from the depths …

national employment levels. However, economic research suggests that these effects are uncertain and critically depend on how … public wages are determined. Rigid public sector wages lead to perverse effects on private employment, while flexible public … wages lead to a stabilizing effect. Public employment also has important productivity and redistributive effects. …