We discuss the problem-solving nature of scientific activity and maintain that contributions made in the form of improved methodologies, new technologies, and instruments for research are, and will increasingly become, central in experimental sciences and in fields traditionally the realm of...

The knowledge and instruments developed in recent years have paved the way to a substantial contribution from economics to support political and social decision making in matters of scientific progress, such as efficient funding, institutional settings, and allocation. We review the progress...

In this paper, we carry out an empirical analysis to test the existence of localized interrelations between academic research and private sector innovation performance. The analysis is based on patents and scientific publications for two panels of 15 European Countries and 33 selected regions....