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University research alliances, absorptive capacity, and the contribution of startups to employment growths
Toole, Andrew A.; Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian - 2014
This paper examines how university research alliances and other cooperative links with universities contribute to startup employment growth. We argue that “scientific absorptive capacity” at the startup is critical for reaping the benefits from university research alliances, but not...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010428152
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University research alliances, absorptive capacity, and the contribution of startups to employment growths
Toole, Andrew A.; Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian - 2014
This paper examines how university research alliances and other cooperative links with universities contribute to startup employment growth. We argue that 'scientific absorptive capacity' at the startup is critical for reaping the benefits from university research alliances, but not necessarily...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010427003
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University spinoffs and the 'performance premium'
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian; Toole, Andrew A. - 2013
typically treat these 'university' spinoffs like industry startups. However, when university spinoffs involve an employment … larger stream of social benefits than industry startups, a performance premium. This paper outlines the arguments why the … performance premium of 3.4 percentage points higher employment growth over industry startups. The analysis also shows that the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010311158
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University spinoffs and the 'performance premium'
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian; Toole, Andrew A. - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) - 2013
typically treat these 'university' spinoffs like industry startups. However, when university spinoffs involve an employment … larger stream of social benefits than industry startups, a performance premium. This paper outlines the arguments why the … performance premium of 3.4 percentage points higher employment growth over industry startups. The analysis also shows that the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010957596
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University research alliances, absorptive capacity, and the contribution of startups to employment growths
Toole, Andrew A.; Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) - 2014
This paper examines how university research alliances and other cooperative links with universities contribute to startup employment growth. We argue that 'scientific absorptive capacity' at the startup is critical for reaping the benefits from university research alliances, but not necessarily...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011071765
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Biomedical academic entrepreneurship through the SBIR program
Toole, Andrew A. (contributor); Czarnitzki, Dirk (contributor) - 2005
This paper considers the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program as a policy fostering academic …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003025585
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University spinoffs and the “performance premium”
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian; Toole, Andrew A. - 2013
typically treat these “university” spinoffs like industry startups. However, when university spinoffs involve an employment … larger stream of social benefits than industry startups, a performance premium. This paper outlines the arguments why the … performance premium of 3.4 percentage points higher employment growth over industry startups. The analysis also shows that the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009696949
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Business R&D and the Interplay of R&D Subsidies and Market Uncertainty
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Toole, Andrew A. - 2006
The literature suggests that public research and development (R&D) subsidies may reduce market failures affecting private R&D investment caused by incomplete appropriability of knowledge and financial constraints due capital market imperfections. Drawing on the theory of investment under...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010297826
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Patent protection, market uncertainty, and R&D investment
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Toole, Andrew A. - 2006
The real options investment theory shows that greater uncertainty about market revenues reduces current R&D investment by increasing the value of waiting. This paper presents empirical evidence that patent protection mitigates the effect market uncertainty on R&D investment.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010297827
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Patent Protection, Market Uncertainty, and R&D Investment
Toole, Andrew A.; Czarnitzki, Dirk - 2008
Real options investment theory predicts current investment falls as uncertainty about market returns increases. In the case of R&D investment, which is usually considered an irreversible form of investment, this effect should be quite pronounced. This paper tests the real options prediction...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010298020