In the new member states of the EU which have not yet adopted the euro, previous adoption strategies have come under scrutiny. The spillovers and contagion from the global financial crisis revealed a new threat to the countries’ real convergence goal, namely considerable vulnerability to the...

The UK exit from the EU represents a qualitative change in the nature of EU membership. On the one hand, it conveyed the lesson that for the Union to be sustainable, membership needs to entail constant caretaking as far as individual members' contributions to the common good are concerned, with...

Hamburg's trade has profited from the dynamic effects of the European Common Market. In the following interview Dr Fahning, Director of the Hamburgische Landesbank-Girozentrale, gives his views on the importance of the EEC enlargement for the Hanseatic City.