In Brazil economic policy planning, with its beginning in the early fifties, has been undertaken for a relatively long period already. Just this fact makes it possible to analyse development, contents, significance, limitations, and chances of this planning and its realisation over a prolonged...

Between 1968 and 1974 Brazilian exports increased at an annual average rate of 27%, coinciding with extremely high rates of the country's economic growth. Interesting is therefore the role played by the exports in the Brazilian seven year boom and the discussion of the outward looking strategy...

"Managerial technology" is as important as "medium", "labour-intensive" and other technology in the LDCs. This article describes the situation and some of the problems in the field of industrial costing, giving suggestions for solutions and exemplifying with research results obtained in Brazil.