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Interpreting the Tariff-Growth Correlation of the Late Nineteenth Century

Irwin, Douglas A. - 2002

Recent research has documented a positive relationship between tariffs and growth in the late nineteenth century. Such a correlation does not establish a causal relationship between tariffs and growth, but it is tempting to view the correlation as constituting evidence that protectionist or...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012469976

Coping with Shocks and Shifts : The Multilateral Trading System in Historical Perspective

Irwin, Douglas A. - 2011

shifts. By shocks we mean sudden jolts to the world economy in the form of financial crises and deep recessions, or wars and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012461059

Does Trade Raise Income? Evidence from the Twentieth Century

Irwin, Douglas A. - 2000

pre- World War I, the interwar, and the post-war periods, this paper finds that the Frankel-Romer result is robust to …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471005

Is Globalization Today Really Different than Globalization a Hunderd Years Ago?

Bordo, Michael D. - 1999

for the United States but also with reference to the wider world. We establish the outlines of international integration a … century ago and analyze the institutional and informational impediments that prevented the late nineteenth century world from … achieving the same degree of integration as today. We conclude that the world today is different: commercial and financial …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471593

The Trade Reform Wave of 1985-1995

Irwin, Douglas A. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

The decade from 1985 to 1995 was an unprecedented period of declining barriers to global trade. The reform wave was especially pronounced in developing countries where overvalued currencies were eliminated, quantitative import restrictions dismantled, and import tariffs reduced. What accounts...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013191068

The Slide to Protectionism in the Great Depression : Who Succumbed and Why?

Eichengreen, Barry - 2009

The Great Depression was marked by a severe outbreak of protectionist trade policies. But contrary to the presumption that all countries scrambled to raise trade barriers, there was substantial cross-country variation in the movement to protectionism. Specifically, countries that remained on the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012463508

The Role of History in Bilateral Trade Flows

Eichengreen, Barry - 1996

This paper investigates the theory and evidence that history plays a role in shaping the direction of international trade. Because there are reasons to anticipate a positive correlation between the predominant direction of trade flows in the past and membership in preferential arrangements in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473283

The GATT's Contribution to Economic Recovery in Post-War Western Europe

Irwin, Douglas A. - 1994

(GATT) in promoting economic recovery and growth in Europe in the decade after World War II. The formation of the GATT does … not appear to have stimulated a particularly rapid liberalization of world trade in the decade after 1947. It is therefore …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473955

Trade Blocs, Currency Blocs and the Disintegration of World Trade in the 1930s

Eichengreen, Barry - 1993

favorable nor unfavorable implication for world trade; instead the balance of trade-creating and trade-diverting effects …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012474505

The Missing Bretton Woods Debate over Flexible Exchange Rates

Irwin, Douglas A. - 2017

The collapse of the gold standard in the 1930s sparked a debate about the merits of fixed versus floating exchange rates. Yet the debate quickly vanished: there was almost no discussion about the exchange rate regime at the Bretton Woods conference in 1944 because John Maynard Keynes and Harry...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012455643