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This working paper examines the conditions under which the European Union (EU) engages externally in competition policy … the EU engages externally in this policy area. The working paper examines the EU’s horizontal engagement through bilateral … unilateral adoption by third countries and regional blocs. Accordingly, by disaggregating the dependent variable of EU external …
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The transition to climate neutrality requires the reallocation of production factors from polluting activities to non-polluting activities. The main push for this reallocation will come from governmental decarbonisation targets that are translated into stringent climate policy tools, such as...
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The traditional boundaries between trade policy and competition policy are becoming fuzzier and less valid because firms increasingly compete at the same time in many different markets and in different ways. The following article examines a number of policy areas in which trade policy has...
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Even after the Uruguay Round overhaul, existing Gatt rules leave certain competition-distorting policies and practices unchecked. For various reasons the holes in the Gatt rules cannot be filled by the unilateral application of national competition regulations. It is therefore necessary to...
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