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According to Noam, “The central question for telecom — and for many other media — is how to generate the funds and invest in upgraded infrastructure, while being subject to competition”. Investment in next generation access network is needed to deliver broadband services with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009626660
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003803394
, however, lead to a widening of interest rate spreads and new bond market tensions in the euro area. This article argues that … euro countries arising from fiscal concerns should be a matter of fiscal policy, not monetary policy. The establishment of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012672360
In 2022, the European Central Bank (ECB) introduced the Transmission ProtectionInstrument (TPI) to counter the risk of financial fragmentation following the normalisation ofmonetary policy. The ECB has specified conditions under which the TPI can be activated.This paper examines these conditions...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014422607