In a relatively brief timeframe, Poland has witnessed a substantial increase in immigration,transitioning from predominantly an emigration country to one characterised by both emigrationand immigration. Undoubtedly, with the outbreak of war in Ukraine, the need to implementintegration measures...

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented economic crisis. This article analyses the impact of mandatory social distancing imposed by lockdown policies and voluntary social distancing triggered by COVID-19 fatality rates on GDP growth in the first three quarters of 2020 for a sample...

Many of the present difficulties of the world economy have been blamed on the two oil-price explosions of the 1970s. Professor Chichilnisky shows that, at least in the case of the oil-importing developing countries, the negative effects have been overestimated. In fact, in some respects the oil...