The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented economic crisis. This article analyses the impact of mandatory social distancing imposed by lockdown policies and voluntary social distancing triggered by COVID-19 fatality rates on GDP growth in the first three quarters of 2020 for a sample...

The ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon will have a number of potentially important implications for decision-making in EU external trade and investment policy. This article summarises the main changes and discusses some key implementing measures that will shape the medium to long-term impact...

Since the 1980s, the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy has undergone a series of reforms that were facilitated by the changes in decision-making rules such as the introduction of the qualified majority vote. This article argues that the introduction of the co-decision procedure under...