The present debate on economic sanctions against South Africa reveals that, despite a long history of the threat and … use of economic sanctions in international relations, there still prevails a wide array of misconceptions regarding the … sanctions can impact on a target country and assesses their implications for the South African case. …

Since the annexation of Crimea in 2014, Russia has been under an EU sanctions regime. While these sanctions have not … Russia’s ability to wage war. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the sanctions and argues that the EU should … maintain and tighten sanctions, thus further weakening the military and economic power of the Putin regime. …

Financial sanctions are key in enforcing restrictions on Russian energy exports - in particular the G7/EU oil price cap … regime - due to financial institutions' critical role in cross-border transactions. While the energy sanctions regime is … widen monetary and fiscal policy space, and addressing loopholes in the sanctions regime. …

As part of its sanctions regime, the United States recently announced the imposition of punitive import tariffs on 570 … product groups from Russia. The European Union may follow suit and enact sanctions on Russia that mirror the US sanctions in … scale and scope. Using a sector-specific partial-equilibrium model, we quantify the impact of such mirror sanctions. We find …