Under the EU-wide Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), CO2 allowances have thus far been allocated largely free of charge. This paper presents a didactic synthesis on the impact of the ETS and argues that such a cost-free allocation will lead to an increase in electricity prices even when strong...

The first pillar of the old paradigm of carbon pricing is the assumption that an emissions trading scheme is the most cost-efficient way to achieve a certain emission reduction target. However, it has become obvious that the old paradigm is unable to solve a number of challenges, e.g. market...

A large number of developing countries have introduced trade policy reforms in recent years. These have been supported by export promotion projects in the context of bilateral and multilateral development cooperation. The results of the advisory approach so far adopted have been disappointing on...

The growing discussion on questions of environmental management has given rise to consideration of such matters in relation to the economic development of the Third World. Economic development is accompanied by damage and disruption to both the physical and social environment, and the extent to...

Development plans form one of the bases from which a development process starts. One of the problems encountered is that a large variety of action parameters in the political and economic spheres have to be taken into account in the drafting of a plan and in structural analysis. The problem of...

How much and what kind of development consulting the industrial states provide for the less developed countries (LDCs) must depend on the structure of the reciplent country and the specific needs for advice ensuing from it. Constant consultation on development issues and development programmes...

Discussion about the positive and negative effects of foreign private investment has been going on for years. In the opinion of the authors, the varying benefits and costs of foreign investments to a host country suggest specific policies to optimise their mix.