In developing countries the urbanisation process poses one of the most serious problems, for it creates unemployment, utmost poverty and aggravates the general situation. In this article the case of indonesia is discussed and possible strategies for a future improvement of such a situation are...

The presence of some 4,000 delegates from about 150 countries showed what great interest the Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat) held by the UN in Vancouver from May 31 to June 11, 1976, had evoked in many countries. This conference in Canada which was the largest ever to be arranged by...

All formerly centrally planned economies record very substantial declines in their social products. The largest drops in production are recorded in Poland and in east Germany (the former GDR), that is, in those countries where the most radical steps towards a market economy were taken in 1990....

In 1990 the privatisation debate in the ex-socialist countries advanced considerably. By now, the fundamental importance of private property for a market economy and the pitfalls of employee-ownership schemes are rarely disputed. Instead, the need for rapid privatisation and suitable methods of...

In recent years the problems of the indebtedness of the communist countries have been driven somewhat into the background by the high foreign indebtedness of many developing countries and the attention attracted by the balance of payments crises in Brazil and Mexico. Yet there are many...