Literature on multinationalism, even that which focuses on economic development and incentives for foreign direct investment (FDI), largely ignores the African continent despite its market of over 700 million inhabitants and its unique challenges for foreign firms. However, the African continent...

Licenses received, licenses given, and cross licenses are strategic responses by firms seeking to exchange proprietary information. This paper provides estimates of the capitalized value of gains associated with both domestic and international licensing agreements between non-affiliated firms,...