This article presents how genetic algorithm (GA) can be efficiently used to fuzzy goal programming (FGP) formulation of quadratic bilevel programming problems (QBLPPs) in a hierarchical decision system. In the proposed approach, the concept of tolerance membership functions in fuzzy sets for...

Hybridisation of algorithms to develop efficient solution methods for solving various NP-hard problems has been a practice for the last few years. It can be seen that researchers have tried different permutations and combinations of various exact, heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms to...