This introduction provides an overview of the motivation of this issue. It focuses on the conceptual frameworks and tools available to business managers that can be applied to deal with complex problems in an environment of increasing uncertainty and risk. The article concludes that innovative...

The focus of this study is to analyze the factors influencing industrial service flexibility (SF) in Taiwan's manufacturing industry (TMI). This study develops a rule-based decision-support mechanism using fuzzy set theory and an analytic hierarchy process to evaluate SF in TMI. This study finds...