Purpose: Net energy importing countries (NEICs) pursue strategic policies to reduce the consumption of energy from conventional sources and increase that of renewable energy to attain energy security and sustainable development. However, net energy exporting countries (NEECs) rely substantially...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore firm–stakeholder environmental accountability relationship in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops, from the interdisciplinary literature, a normative framework that links the dominant...