The liability and compensation for the damage caused by maritime oil spills have been regulated by the 1992 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (1992 Civil Liability Convention) and the 1992 International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund Convention (1992 IOPC...

Romania, a country in transition to a market economy, is associated to the European Union and has applied to become a member. It signed the European Energy Charter and is highly committed to harmonising its legislation with EU laws and regulations. In 2001, the Romanian Government approved 'The...

The real options approach has become a benchmark in real assets evaluation and optimal management problems, especially in liberalised and competitive markets such as the oil and hydrocarbon markets. This paper describes how the same approach can be a useful tool for both risk management...

The article explains the beginning of EMA cooperation with CEE countries after the transition of their government systems and deals with specific energy and environmental solutions, which have caused a substantive increase in uncertainty degree in relevant decision making processes. Evaluations...

The report has been prepared on the basis of seven independent provided research projects, realised by experts from all countries of CEE. The seven research projects are: 1) Development of risk analyses on energy and environmental conservation; 2) Strategic forecast on energy and environment...

This article presents the US experience from periodical business failures and collapses of the financial markets. It could be a lesson for the Central and Eastern European countries on their economies during the post-transition era. International management is one of the strongest aspects of...

Portfolio theory indicates that risk management should take place at the group level. Hedging at the project level or in the individual business areas may lead to suboptimal results. However, the efficiency of a profit centre depends on its management's being able to influence factors that are...

This paper discusses the relation of spot and futures CO<SUB align="right"><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB> allowances, used to model and test forward premium and convenience yield (CY) concepts during 2005-2011. We analyse allowances futures from an ex-post perspective and find positive forward premia for both Phase I and Phase II and for...</small></sub>

One of the most important hindrances that still impede many renewable energy projects is the perception of such projects by potential lenders and investors as low-profit and risky undertakings. This paper aims at delineating a more precise picture of these groups of energy projects explaining...

Many studies, as well as historical events, indicate that oil price shocks affect the macro economy of a country. In this paper we build a Chinese Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, with which we simulate the impact on the Chinese economy of international crude oil price when it rises...