The paper describes experience gained from experiments with the comprehensive energy system model MARKAL for Western Europe, including endogenous technology learning based on the learning by doing mechanism. These experiments have confirmed the benefits expected from adoption of the mechanism....

This article provides a tutorial on how to implement technology dynamics in global optimisation energy models that are widely used for energy systems analysis. The tutorial draws from a series of modelling experiments conducted by several research groups cooperating in the framework of European...

The paper aims to identify both the major changes that have occurred in the energy sector during the past thirty years and the key driving forces that explain these changes. After a review of the key concepts provided by economic theory in order to analyse technical change in Section 2, Section...

This paper outlines a range of scenarios describing what the world's energy system might look like in the middle of the century, and what nuclear energy's role might be. The starting point is the 40 non-greenhouse-gas-mitigation scenarios in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) of...

This paper estimates investment cost targets for future nuclear power plants to be competitive in mid-21st century energy markets and beyond. The point of departure is the nuclear market shares derived from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) of the Intergovernmental Panel on...

This paper examines the implications of the new dynamics-as-usual IPCC B2 scenario for the viability of international gas transmission lines and the environment in Eurasia. In doing so, it analyses the effects of increasing the number of pipelines, reducing gas extraction costs and stabilising...