In a stochastic supply chain network knowing the exact distribution of lead-time demand (LTD) for each node allows determining inventory policy parameters, service levels, and optimal costs. To determine the LTD distributions a stochastic analytical model has been developed for a multi-echelon...

We conducted experiments in a multi-echelon inventory system with two scenarios: no information sharing and full information sharing. The results indicate that the bullwhip effect persists even after traditional causes have been excluded. Moreover, full information sharing cannot guarantee...