To maximize society's welfare, economists should be concerned with the efficient use of the stock of natural resources. The stock of natural resources is a gift of nature. The usefulness of this stock comes from its alternative uses, e.g. existence, exploitation and bequest. Therefore, the...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a “human ecology economics (HEE)” framework for understanding economic growth and development challenges in Eastern Europe. Design/methodology/approach – The HEE approach relies on evolutionary and complex systems processes; it expands...